Saturday, 12 July 2008

Roundup of news

Levon Brooks and Kennedy Brewer

Posted: July 11, 2008 4:18 pm



There’s so much news each week on wrongful convictions and forensic science that we can’t cover it all. Here’s a roundup of news you might have missed:The ripples are still being felt from the Brewer and Brooks exonerations in Mississippi. An editorial in today’s Hattiesburg American says a new task force in Mississippi “has a lot on its plate” in a state without standards for evidence collection and testing.


On Monday, an editorial in the Jackson Clarion-Ledger said “the inadequacy of Mississippi's ‘CSI’ would make a sad, and scary, episode if it were presented on television.”Earlier this year, Innocence Project clients Kennedy Brewer and Levon Brooks were exonerated after serving 15 years in prison for nearly identical child murders they didn’t commit. Brewer was on death row for most of those 15 years and he could have been executed.


But DNA testing in Brewer’s case proved his innocence and pointed to the real perpetrator, who confessed to committing the crime for which Brooks was serving as well. Stories about crime labs were clogging the news this week, while evidence backlogs were clogging the labs. A report from the Urban Institute found that DNA has become more effective than fingerprints and witnesses in solving burglaries and other property crimes. The problem is that if this expanded use of DNA testing becomes the national norm, our crime labs will be overwhelmed. Arkansas has increased funding for its state lab to cut the backlog from 15,000 cases to 2,500 cases.


And an Omaha crime lab is tightening security after alleged mishandling set off a scandal.We keep hearing at the Innocence Project about students and teachers using the resources from our “947 Years” website to build lesson plans and class presentations about wrongful convictions and forensic science. But as DNA testing becomes more prevalent in criminal cases, who is teaching our nation’s judges about advances in forensic science? The answer: UNC professor James P. Evans. Find out what he’s telling judges across the country and why he says judges are afraid of science.


Tags: Kennedy Brewer, Crime Lab Backlogs



Friday, 11 July 2008

Florida death penalty opponent lists reasons


By Chris Tisch, Times Staff Writer


STARKE — Whenever Florida executes a death row inmate, a group of people stand outside Florida State Prison in protest. Among the protesters: members of Floridians for Alternatives to the Death Penalty, a volunteer group led by Clearwater resident Mark Elliott. "I've never been a fan of unnecessary killing," says Elliott, who became involved with the group about five years ago and became its executive director two years ago. Elliott works as a property manager, but says he spends about 40 hours a week doing work for the group, which has about 2,000 subscribers to its newsletter. The Times asked Elliott why he opposes the death penalty. His responses:

• "It's unnecessary. In Florida, we have the alternative of life in prison without the possibility of parole. This amounts to a death sentence that is carried out immediately. There is no wait for justice."

• "The risk of executing the innocent. Florida has exonerated at least 22 people off death row."

• "It diverts millions of dollars from helping victims' families and law enforcement. It costs Florida $50-million a year to have the death penalty on the books."

• "It is racist. In the entire history of our state, there has never been a white person executed for the killing of an African-American. That actually goes back to 1786."

• "No government on earth should decide who lives and who dies. According to Amnesty International, China, Iran, Pakistan, the Sudan, Iraq and the United States account for almost all the world's executions."


• For more information on Elliott's group, visit http://www.fadp.org/.


Chris Tisch Phone: (727) 892-2359 E-mail: tisch@sptimes.com

Wrongful Incarceration Compensation in Florida


A new law which allows a person wrongfully convicted and incarcerated of a felony to apply for compensation from the State was to take effect July 1, 2008.

After the court's order vacating the felony conviction and sentence becomes final, a person can petition the original sentencing court for a determination whether he qualifies as a "wrongfully incarcerated person." The petition must contain verifiable and substantial evidence of actual innocence and must state that prior to the wrongful incarceration the person was not a convicted felon, that during the wrongful incarceration the person was not convicted of a felony and that the person was not serving a concurrent sentence for another felony for which the person was not wrongfully convicted.

The petition has to be filed within 90 days of the court's order vacating the conviction and sentence if vacated on or after July 1, 2008. For cases in which the conviction and sentence were vacated before July 1, 2008 the petition must be filed by July 1, 2010.

The prosecutor must be provided notice of the petition and has 30 days to respond by either certifying that no further criminal proceedings will take place in the case and that the petitioner is not disqualified from seeking compensation or by contesting the evidence of actual innocence, the related facts or the petitioner's eligibility.

If the prosecutor contests the petition the court must determine the petitioners eligibility through a process described in the new law.

The maximum compensation is $50,000 for each year of wrongful incarceration up to a $2 million cap. Non-monetary benefits can include tuition and fee waiver at certain state educational facilities.

Louisiana exoneree to receive $150K in compensation


Rickey Johnson holds his release papers as family members gather around shortly before noon on Monday, Jan. 14, the day he was released on a wrongful conviciton of rape.


Rickey Johnson, who was freed in January after serving 25 years in Louisiana’s Angola prison for a rape he didn’t commit, will receive $150,000 in compensation from the state for his wrongful incarceration. While Johnson says that no amount of money could ever replace the years he lost, he is looking forward to using the money to start a new business making leather goods such as belts and wallets.



“Rickey Johnson lost more than a quarter of a century, nearly his entire adult life, to a wrongful conviction. He had three young children when he was arrested, and a fourth was born shortly after he was incarcerated; all of those children are now adults,” said Vanessa Potkin, the Innocence Project staff attorney representing Johnson.



Read the full story here. (Leesville Daily Leader, 07/07/08)



Watch a new Innocence Project video of Johnson and fellow Louisiana exoneree Calvin Willis reuniting after Johnson’s release.



Johnson’s compensation comes under a state law that pays exonerees $15,000 for each year they served, to a maximum of $150,000. While Louisiana is one of 25 states with a compensation law, the amounts provided in the law are well behind the federal standard of $50,000 per year served, with no maximum. Several states, including Texas, Utah and Florida, have recently passed laws matching the federal amount, and the Innocence Project strongly supports efforts by lawmakers to bring state compensation laws in line with federal recommendations to include critical social services as well as financial payments.

Canada - Truscott to get $6.5-million for conviction


'This is a bittersweet moment for us ... the stigma of living for almost 50 years as a convicted murderer'


MATTHEW CAMPBELL

With a report from The Canadian Press

July 8, 2008

Lynne Harper's brother said he would meet with his lawyers to discuss yesterday's $6.5-million compensation to Steven Truscott, but acknowledged his chances of blocking the award were slim.

Barry Harper said his family considers the compensation to the man charged as a youth with murdering his 12-year-old sister "a real travesty."

"I don't think there's many options open," Mr. Harper said from Ohio, where he lives.

The $6.5-million is by far the largest compensation for a wrongful conviction in Ontario, and reflects what provincial Attorney-General Chris Bentley called the "extraordinary" circumstances of the case: the fact that Mr. Truscott was convicted and sentenced to death, that prison psychiatrists gave him LSD and sodium pentothal in an apparent attempt to elicit a confession and the decades Mr. Truscott has fought to clear his name since Lynne was killed in 1959.

Mr. Truscott's wife, Marlene, will also receive $100,000 for income lost while she helped her husband's legal efforts.

"This is a bittersweet moment for us," the Truscotts said in a joint statement from Guelph, Ont. "Although we are grateful for the freedom and stability this award will provide, we are also painfully aware that no amount of money could ever truly compensate Steven for the terror of being sentenced to hang at the age of 14, the loss of his youth or the stigma of living for almost 50 years as a convicted murderer."

The Truscotts added they now hope to live the rest of their lives in "peace and tranquillity."

Retired Ontario Court of Appeal judge Sydney Robins was appointed last August to study the compensation issue after the court found Mr. Truscott not guilty in Lynne's killing.

Mr. Robins, whose report was released yesterday, said that while the death sentence was commuted to imprisonment after several months, "the sheer terror" of the stint on death row had a "uniquely traumatic" impact on Mr. Truscott.

His report confirmed that while Mr. Truscott was at Collins Bay penitentiary, prison psychiatrists gave him LSD and sodium pentothal, a so-called truth serum, in an apparent attempt to elicit a confession. Although such treatment was not uncommon in the 1960s, Mr. Robins said that "such an experience would be extremely distressing for a person who had been incarcerated for a crime that he did not commit."

For decades after his release in 1969, Mr. Truscott lived under tight parole restrictions and an assumed name. Fearing bad publicity, parole officials forced him to hold his 1970 wedding in secret, with no relatives allowed to attend.

In all, Mr. Robins argued, Mr. Truscott's death sentence, psychiatric treatment, years living undercover and other circumstances - such as spending what would have been his high school and university years in prison - "forever altered his life," and entitled him to particularly significant compensation.

Mr. Truscott's legal team had suggested a payment even greater than the record $10-million given to David Milgaard, who was cleared of involvement in a brutal rape and murder in Saskatchewan by DNA evidence after 23 years in jail. That package included $750,000 for Mr. Milgaard's mother, who had led the campaign to free him.

While the pace of exonerations of convicted killers in Canada has quickened since the widespread introduction of DNA testing, Mr. Truscott is unusual in one particular respect: He has been acquitted, but cannot be called "factually innocent" since DNA evidence was never recovered from Lynne's body and no one else has been convicted in her death.

Mr. Robins wrote that due to the passage of time, Mr. Truscott "would face insurmountable hurdles to establishing his factual innocence" with absolute certainty, even though the great bulk of evidence now suggests he was not Lynne's killer.

The price of justice

Wrongfully convicted people who received compensation:

$10-million

David Milgaard: convicted in 1969, at the age of 16, in the murder of Saskatoon nursing aide Gail Miller. Spent 23 years in prison before his conviction was overturned by the Supreme Court in 1992. DNA evidence helped catch Ms. Miller's real killer, Larry Fisher, who was convicted in 1999.

$6.5-million

Steven Truscott.

$2.3-million

Thomas Sophonow: spent nearly four years in prison after being wrongfully convicted in the 1981 killing of 16-year-old doughnut shop clerk Barbara Stoppel in Winnipeg. Mr. Sophonow was cleared in 2000 after three trials.

$2-million

Randy Druken: convicted of the 1993 murder of his girlfriend in Newfoundland. He spent almost six years in prison before he was granted an appeal. The Crown stayed the charges after a jailhouse informant recanted his testimony.

$1.5-million

Donald Marshall: convicted in 1971 of murdering Sandy Seale. The Nova Scotia man spent nearly 19 years in prison before being exonerated by a royal commission report in 1990. Compensated with a lifetime pension.

$1.3-million

Greg Parsons: convicted in 1994 of killing his mother. He served six weeks before he was granted bail pending appeal. The Newfoundland man was later exonerated by DNA evidence and formally acquitted in 1998. Province gave him an apology and $1.3-million.

$1.2-million

Guy Paul Morin: was tried twice for the 1984 killing of nine-year-old Christine Jessop north of Toronto. Acquitted in 1986, he was convicted at retrial in 1992 and imprisoned. Mr. Morin was exonerated in 1995 on the strength of DNA evidence.

$750,000

Ronald Dalton: convicted in 1989 of strangling his wife, Brenda. The Newfoundland government agreed to pay $750,000 in compensation. Mr. Dalton spent more than eight years in prison but was later acquitted.

The Canadian Press

Wrongly convicted man seeks compensation


Guy Randolph was exonerated in May. With him were his godmother, Grace Roberts (left), and his mother, Ruth Johns. (GEORGE RIZER/GLOBE STAFF/file)

By Maria Cramer Globe Staff

A Hyde Park man who was wrongly convicted of molesting a 6-year-old girl has filed a lawsuit against the state, seeking compensation for the 10 years he spent behind bars.

Guy Randolph, 50, who was convicted of indecent assault and battery on the girl in 1991, spent seven years as a registered sex offender after his release from prison in 2001. This status, his lawyer said, branded him an outcast and may have prevented him and his mother from being approved for public housing.

"I feel as though Guy deserves" compensation, said his 74-year-old mother, Ruth Johns, who lives with her son and takes care of him. "It's owed to him. There are a lot of things he missed out on."

In May, a Suffolk Superior Court judge exonerated him after the district attorney's office acknowledged that he had been wrongly convicted. His name was taken off the state Sex Offender Registry and the picture of him that had hung for years in a Boston police station was removed.

Randolph, who cannot work because he has schizophrenia and is prone to seizures, wants financial compensation under a state law passed in 2004 that provides a maximum of $500,000 for erroneous convictions.

Randolph was cleared after prosecutors agreed that the case against him was weak from the beginning. There was no physical evidence tying him to the crime, and the victim initially had said he was not her attacker. During the grand jury investigation, she described her attacker in ways that did not match Randolph.

Randolph was indicted and pleaded guilty under the Alford plea, which allows a defendant to assert innocence while acknowledging that the state has enough evidence for a conviction.

Randolph's lawyer, Sejal Patel, said that he has a good chance of being compensated because prosecutors in Suffolk District Attorney Daniel F. Conley's office agree that he should never have been charged in the first place.

"There is no district attorney worth their salt . . . who would have let this case get indicted," Patel said.

Conley's spokesman, Jake Wark, declined to say whether prosecutors would back Randolph in his complaint. "We will confine our comments to the legal proceedings," Wark said.

Since the law was passed, 25 people have filed for compensation with the state attorney general's office. Between $5.2 million and $5.7 million has been distributed to 12 former prisoners. Eleven cases are pending. One case was dismissed by a Plymouth Superior Court judge, and another resulted in a mistrial, with a retrial scheduled for 2009.

John Swomley, a Boston defense lawyer, said the attorney general will resist paying prisoners who were wrongly convicted, unless there is DNA evidence proving their innocence.

"They're going to try and fight and argue that while he's technically not guilty, he's not necessarily innocent," Swomley said. "Honestly, I don't think they really care whether it's justly awarded or not. It's a function of economics. They don't want to have to pay out that kind of money."

Attorney General Martha Coakley said the decisions to settle are driven by evidence that the person asserting wrongful conviction is innocent. She said several cases have been settled in which there was no DNA evidence that cleared the complainant.

"The DNA makes it quicker and easier, but it's not like if there is no DNA we're not going to do this," she said. "There has to be a standard by which there is a determination made as to who is entitled to [compensation]. The burden is for the plaintiff seeking the compensation to prove they are actually innocent."

Patel said she hopes any compensation will help Randolph obtain counseling and medical attention.

After Randolph was released, he became withdrawn, depressed by how he was treated in his neighborhood, where some would call him "molester," Johns said.

Since his exoneration, Randolph has become more confident, Johns said. He has made friends and rides his bicycle through Hyde Park, where people now congratulate him on being cleared.

"He feels accepted," Johns said. "He always knew that I love him. He knows I always will, but now he feels the world loves him and accepts him."

Maria Cramer can be reached at mcramer@globe.com.

No criminal charges for Broderick in Tim Masters case


BY TREVOR HUGHES • TrevorHughes@coloradoan.com • July 9, 2008


The special prosecutor who reviewed allegations of misconduct against Fort Collins police Lt. James Broderick during the Timothy Masters prosecution found "disturbing" flaws in the case that could have altered the outcome, but concluded no criminal charges are warranted.


Weld County District Attorney Ken Buck said problems with the crime-scene analysis, turnover among lead detectives and the 11-year delay between the 1987 fatal stabbing and mutilation of Petty Hettrick and Masters' 1988 arrest "compounded" the flaws, which he called misfeasance, not malfeasance.

Masters was convicted by a jury and spent nearly 10 years in prison before new DNA testing techniques pointed toward a different suspect.

"You have to come to the conclusion, as I did, that people made mistakes in this case," Buck said Tuesday. "I don't think the mistakes were minor."

In Broderick's case, Buck said the detective failed to testify completely about shoeprint evidence that could have exonerated Masters.

'Much closer case'
Police and prosecutors persuaded a jury that Masters, then 15, snuck out of the trailer home he shared with his father, snuck up behind Hettrick as she walked alongside a field, stabbed her in the back, sexually mutilated her, then snuck back home without leaving any physical evidence directly tying him to her death.

Buck also noted - as have other special prosecutors - that evidence that should have been given to defense attorneys was never made available to either prosecutors or defense attorneys by police.

Specifically, Buck noted that police never provided a complete transcript of a recorded conversation between Masters and his father, Clyde, the day after Hettrick's body was found. A copy of the recording itself was given to both prosecutors and defenders.

"Clyde Masters was brutal in his questioning of his son," Buck said Tuesday. "When a 15-year-old gets battered by his dad and repeats over and over that he didn't do it, that could be used in trial to show Tim Master's state of mind the day after the murder."

Buck later added: "It would have been a much closer case if that had been out there."

Incomplete testimony
Buck also noted that Broderick testified very narrowly about a Thom McAn shoeprint found near Hettrick's body. While only one print was definitely from a Thom McAn - a kind of shoe Masters didn't have - other prints along the trail where Hettrick's body was dragged were likely from that brand, Buck said.

Buck concluded that police forensic experts failed to properly record where each print came from.

The shoeprints are important because police and prosecutors said Masters acted alone, and they were never able to show he owned Thom McAn shoes. If jurors had known there were prints belonging to someone else near Hettrick's body that could have raised reasonable doubt in their minds.

"In my opinion, Lt. Broderick should have known that his testimony was incomplete when he stated that the only identifiable Thom McAn shoe print was located along the curb line and corrected the usage of the plural 'prints' with the statement that there was only one identifiable print found," Buck concluded. "The jury would have had evidence to conclude that another individual wearing Thom McAn shoes - not Tim Masters - was in fact the perpetrator or an accomplice to the murder if Lt. Broderick had testified completely."

'Nothing was hidden'
Tuesday, Larimer County District Attorney Larry Abrahamson said Buck's conclusions are his own. In the report, Buck specifically noted that Broderick broke no laws in testifying the way he did.

"I think the finding was that (Broderick) was being as accurate and as precise as he possibly could," Abrahamson said.

Broderick was out of town and could not be reached for comment, a police spokeswoman said.

He still faces an internal investigation into his actions by his superiors, who were waiting for Buck's report to proceed.

Abrahamson also said none of the special prosecutors reviewing the Masters' case have concluded any evidence was deliberately withheld from defense attorneys. In some cases, Abrahamson said, Masters' original defense team simply failed to follow up on information it did have.

"They had everything they needed. Nothing was hidden or kept from them," Abrahamson said.

Flaws in the case
A second independent investigation into actions of the two prosecutors in the case is due sometime in the next several weeks. That investigation by the Colorado Supreme Court's Office of Attorney Regulation is reviewing whether Terry Gilmore and Jolene Blair violated professional standards in prosecuting the case.

Gilmore and Blair are now Larimer District Court judges.

Buck's 11-page report, while largely limited to three criminal accusations made against Broderick by the new defense team that freed Masters, also touches on the broader investigation into Hettrick's death.

Abrahamson requested the investigation into three allegations: that Broderick lied about his involvement in a secret surveillance operation conducted against Masters on the one-year anniversary of Hettrick's death; that he lied about the shoeprint evidence; and that he illegally recorded the conversation between Masters and his father.

Buck concluded the wiretapped allegation was not provable, that Broderick testified accurately albeit incompletely about the shoeprints, and that he was not involved in the surveillance operation intended to spur Masters into implicating himself.

No criminal acts
Buck reported: "Some facets of the investigation and prosecution of the Peggy Hettrick homicide are disturbing. During my limited investigation several flaws were uncovered and are detailed in this letter. These errors were compounded by multiple changes in case leadership, changes in evidence retention policies, and the long delay between the commission of the crime and the arrest of Tim Masters (11 years). After consideration of the evidence, I did not discover criminal conduct among employees of the Fort Collins Police Department or the prosecutors in the case. Based on my review, I believe the deficiencies in this case were the result of misfeasance not malfeasance. I will not express my opinion concerning the guilt or innocence of Tim Masters because the Colorado Attorney General has an open investigation of the Peggy Hettrick homicide."

While malfeasance is illegal action, misfeasance is doing something technically legal but still wrong, according to legal experts.

In an interview later, Buck said he believed that "there is somebody who has committed a murder who has not been brought to justice," but stopped short of exonerating Masters.

Ethics laws governing Colorado lawyers are supposed to prevent them from publicly discussing their views of someone's guilt or innocence outside a courtroom.

Abrahamson on Tuesday said that's why he cannot comment substantively on Masters' guilt or innocence, although all charges have been dropped, his conviction overturned and a new trial granted, if necessary.

Hettrick's murder is being investigated by the Colorado Attorney General's Office; that investigation also means Fort Collins police and the original prosecutors in the case, Blair and Gilmore, cannot comment.

'Wrongful conviction'
Abrahamson in a statement said that "some areas of the investigation were lacking" but that his office is "committed to doing what is right based on applicable legal principles and the facts we have before us."

One of the former police investigators on the case, Linda Wheeler-Holloway, said she wasn't surprised to see Buck recommended against criminal charges. Wheeler-Holloway, who has publicly said she believes Masters is innocent, said she thinks police simply didn't play fair.

"I think that's a good way of putting it - people didn't play fair. By not telling the whole story, leaving things incomplete, that kind of skewed things in their favor," said Wheeler-Holloway, a former agent with the Colorado Bureau of Investigation.

"The prosecutor's office cannot police the police. They really depend strongly on the integrity of the police to turn everything over to the prosecutors. It's also the responsibility of the defense to ask the right questions, and they didn't in this case."

She added: "There was a lot of faults committed in a lot of arenas that led to the wrongful conviction of Tim Masters."

Masters did not respond to multiple requests for comment on Tuesday. Messages left with his new lawyers and his original defense team were not returned by deadline.

Wrongfully convicted man freed after 16 years


Patrick Waller's case adds weight to the calls for a statewide innocence commission

Stories about wrongly convicted defendants were once rare examples of the miscarriage of justice. But what had been a trickle of accounts of those victimized by the criminal justice system has become a stream. Last week, another man who spent years in prison for a crime he didn't commit was released after DNA testing.

Patrick Waller, a 38-year-old Dallas man, spent 16 years in prison after being convicted of robbery and kidnapping in 1992. There are two cruel ironies in Waller's case. He could have been freed seven years ago, but the Dallas district attorney at that time, Bill Hill, objected and Waller's efforts to obtain genetic testing were delayed until last fall.

Another cruel irony in Waller's case is that authorities now know who the real perpetrators of the crime were. They have confessed. But the statute of limitations has expired and they can't be prosecuted. If the previous district attorney had agreed to Waller's request for DNA testing seven years ago, the real criminals could have been brought to justice. One innocent man was sent to prison, and two guilty men went free.

"I never thought there were innocent people in jail," said Waller, interviewed in the Dallas County Jail shortly before his release. "Sixteen years of my life taken. It's been a struggle daily -- going to bed, knowing I'm someplace I don't deserve to be." His son and daughter, now both 18 and freshmen in college, visited him regularly while he was in prison.

Waller's story has a happier ending than that of Tim Brian Cole, who died in prison serving time for a rape that he apparently did not commit. DNA evidence points to another man and the Innocence Project is trying to clear Cole's name posthumously.

That Patrick Waller, Tim Brian Cole and so many other innocent people ended up behind bars in Texas is not a frivolous charge made up by critics of the criminal justice system. Waller is the 18th man from Dallas County who has been exonerated by DNA testing. The county has more DNA exonerations than any other in the country. Since 1994, 33 men have been exonerated in Texas based on post-conviction DNA testing. They had served, collectively, 427 years in prison. When you add Waller's name, that makes 34 men who have served 443 years behind bars. Think about those wasted years in prison . . . think about the pain and anguish of family and friends.

That may seem like an incredible number of exonerations, but the situation could be worse. In Dallas County, wrongful convictions have come to light because Craig Watkins, who took office as district attorney in Dallas County in January 2007, formed a conviction integrity unit that has been reviewing DNA tests that were previously denied by former district attorneys. Those cases have also been brought to light because Dallas County preserved its DNA evidence; many jurisdictions have not.

Would more cases of wrongful convictions surface if other district attorneys were as aggressive in reviewing old cases where DNA evidence has been preserved, and where convictions relied so heavily on eyewitness accounts? Certainly the possibility remains that there are more innocent people behind bars in Texas whose innocence has not been established.

The reasons for so many flawed convictions vary from faulty eyewitness identification, incompetent court-appointed lawyers, slipshold police work, questionable actions by prosecutors, official bungling of one sort or another. The number of exonerations attests to the revolution that DNA testing has done for criminology and to the fact that something went terribly wrong in the prosecution of so many cases.

These mistakes add weight to calls for a statewide innocence project. The Texas Court of Criminal Appeals also recently formed a Criminal Judicial Integrity Unit to investigate the state's criminal justice system. Both are needed. Whatever is wrong with the judicial system needs to be straightened out so that the innocent go free and the guilty go to prison, not the other way around, as it was in the Waller case. Fixing that should be at the top of the state's to-do list.

Saturday, 5 July 2008

FACTBOX: DNA exonerations in the United States


(Reuters) - Following are some facts and figures about DNA exonerations in the United States.

-- There have been 218 post-conviction DNA exonerations in the United States. Of these 156 have occurred since 2000.

-- The racial breakdown of those exonerated is as follows: 134 African Americans; 59 Caucasians; 19 Latinos; 1 Asian American and 5 whose race is unknown.

-- Exonerations have occurred in 32 states. Dallas County is the leading local jurisdiction with 17.
-- The Dallas District Attorney's Office says it has reviewed 196 defendants in 283 cases.

-- Mistaken identification testimony was a factor in 77 percent DNA exonerations in the United States, the leading cause of wrongful convictions.

-- Lab error and poor forensic techniques have contributed to 65 percent of wrongful convictions.

-- Sixteen of the people exonerated had been sentenced to death and spent time on death row.

-- No court has found that any of the over 1,100 people executed in the United States over the past three decades was put to death for a crime they did not commit. But many observers and analysts say the sheer number of DNA exonerations point to the possibility that this has happened.

-- Only 25 of America's 50 states have legislation that requires the preservation of crime scene evidence.

Sources: Innocence Project; Dallas County District Attorney's Office; Reuters

(Compiled by Ed Stoddard in Dallas)

DEATH PENALTY-US: Exonerations Speed Change of Mind


By Adrianne Appel


BOSTON, Jun 8 (IPS) - After more than a decade of DNA tests, appeals and waiting on death row, Texas prisoner Michael Blair is likely to be exonerated soon, further undermining public confidence in the infallibility of the U.S. death penalty system.

Recent extensive DNA tests on microscopic hair samples established no link between Blair and a child who was murdered in 1993, according to state prosecutors.

It is expected that the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals will grant Blair a new trial and that state prosecutors will then dismiss charges against him because they believe there is no evidence to convict him.

"There is no good faith argument to support the current conviction in light of the facts and the law...," John Roach, chief prosecutor for Collin County, said in an open letter to the press and public on May 23.

"All the DNA pointed toward his innocence," Philip Wischkaemper, Blair's attorney, told IPS.

Blair -- convicted largely on the basis of microscopic examination of hair samples -- was nearly executed in 1999.

"This case starkly shows that the system makes mistakes and that those mistakes can have chilling consequences. Even more troubling is the reality that the kind of evidence that led to Michael Blair's wrongful conviction is used in countless cases nationwide every day," said Barry Scheck, co-director of the Innocence Project, which assisted in the Blair case.

The Innocence Project is a national organisation dedicated to exonerating people using rapidly advancing DNA techniques. The first DNA exoneration in the U.S. was less than 20 years ago.

A key factor in convicting Blair of murder was bias against him because of his criminal history as a child sex offender, Wischkaemper said.

Seven-year-old Ashley Estell was found strangled in 1993 after being abducted from a busy playground in Plano, Texas.

"There were no sightings of her with him (Blair), no linkage with him," Wischkaemper said. Blair admitted abusing children -- when exonerated he will remain in prison for life for child sex offences -- but denied he had ever murdered.

The crime was so emotionally charged that the trial had to be moved 300 miles away. At the time, everyone wanted "to kill Michael Blair", Wischkaemper said. The legislature reacted by passing special laws, the so-called "Ashley's Laws'', aimed at better tracking convicted child sex offenders and imposing stiffer sentences.

If Blair is officially exonerated, he will join 129 other people who since 1973 have been found innocent while awaiting execution on death row in the U.S.

"These are not simply cases in which the defendant's sentence was reduced and he was later released. Nor are these cases where a subjective judgment was made that the defendants were probably innocent, even though they were found guilty," Richard Dieter, executive director of the Death Penalty Information Centre (DPIC), said recently.

Rather, the justice system had reviewed the death sentences and concluded that the people could not have been convicted of even the slightest offence related to the crimes, he added.

Juries and judges in the U.S., apparently reflecting a growing public unease, are handing down significantly fewer death sentences today compared to a decade ago.

"The pace of exonerations has sharply increased in recent years and this has raised doubts about the reliability of the whole system," the DPIC said, commenting on this trend.

"I would say innocence is the most important issue in moving mainstream Americans away from the death penalty," Judi Caruso, director of Voices United for Justice, an abolition group, told IPS.

"They still believe that it's a moral punishment that someone should be put to death. But they're re-evaluating the system and considering that it is broken -- and broken beyond repair," Caruso added.

The Innocence Project, begun in 1992, focuses exclusively on exonerations through DNA testing. It has helped free 16 people from death row.

Other state-based innocence projects and individual attorneys have been behind most other exonerations in the U.S., many of which have not involved DNA evidence. Their work was crucial as only between five and 10 percent of criminal cases have evidence available that can be DNA-tested, according to the Innocence Project.

The evidence may often be too old -- some people on death row were convicted of their crimes 20 or more years ago -- missing or inadequate.

In 2001, the Centre on Wrongful Convictions at Northwestern Law School analysed the cases of 86 of those exonerated and released from death row and found there were many common reasons. These included false testimony, mistaken identity and police and prosecutorial misconduct.

Poor legal representation and false testimony is what kept "Bo" Levon Jones, a black man wrongly convicted of murder, on death row in North Carolina for 15 years, until May this year.

"Jones received two (court)-appointed attorneys that spent virtually no time or effort investigating the offence or his background," said federal Judge Terrence Boyle, when he ordered a re-trial in 2006.

Jones was freed after the key witness recanted her incriminating testimony and the district attorney subsequently dropped all charges against him.

"This case highlights the serious and rampant flaws inherent in the death penalty," said American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) lawyer Cassandra Stubbs, who represented Jones. If the system was incapable of protecting the innocent, it "shouldn't gamble with life and death", she said.

Thirty-six U.S. states still have a death penalty and there are currently more than 3,255 people on death row. Hundreds claim to be innocent but only a handful receive the extensive legal assistance necessary to investigate their innocence.

The Washington-based Justice Project has noted that for every nine executions in the U.S., one person is exonerated, suggesting that a significant number of people on U.S. death row may be innocent.

There is evidence that recently innocent people have been executed, according to Dieter of DPIC.

Investigations by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the Houston Chronicle and the Chicago Tribune have identified four innocent people who were executed within the past few years, Dieter said.

Inmate exonerated by DNA freed after 15 years


From the Associated Press
July 4, 2008


DALLAS -- A Texas man who spent more than 15 years in prison after being wrongly convicted of kidnapping and robbery raised both arms skyward and collapsed in his mother's embrace Thursday after being told he was a free man.

Patrick Waller's sobs were the only sound at a crowded hearing attended by four former inmates also exonerated by DNA testing.

"It's all right, honey," Patricia Cunningham told her son. "It's over. You're out of here. You're going home."

Waller had been behind bars since 1992 after being convicted of aggravated robbery and aggravated kidnapping in the abduction of a Dallas couple. He was proved innocent by DNA testing late last year.

"I feel vindicated," said Waller, 38. "I feel thankful. Most of all, I feel blessed."

His release had been all but certain since last week, when the Dallas County prosecutor's office announced that DNA evidence had cleared Waller and matched the profile of another man.

That suspect identified his accomplice, and both men subsequently confessed in front of a grand jury, prosecutors said.

Neither man is in prison, although one is on parole, and they won't face criminal charges because the statute of limitations has expired.

Waller is the 19th man in Dallas County since 2001 to be exonerated by DNA evidence of the crime for which he was convicted. That's more than any other county in the nation, according to the Innocence Project in New York, a legal center specializing in wrongful-conviction cases.

Four former inmates who collectively served nearly 100 years in prison before being exonerated lined the back wall of the crowded courtroom.

The men have made a habit of showing up in court for exoneration hearings, and on Thursday they presented Waller with a prepaid cellphone as a gift.

Their exoneration stories helped Waller during his incarceration.

"All these guys I just met, I have all their clippings," Waller said. "It always gave me hope that one day it would be my turn."

Healing

"The death penalty is about revenge and hate, and revenge and hate is why my daughter and those 167 other people are dead today."

Bud Welch, father of Julie Marie Welch,
victim in the Oklahoma City bombing

"I have come to believe that the death penalty is not what will help me heal. Responding to one killing with another killing does not honor my daughter, nor does it help create the kind of society I want to live in, where human life and human rights are valued. I know that an execution creates another grieving family, and causing pain to another family does not lessen my own pain."

MVFHR board member, Vicki Schieber, testifying to the Subcommittee on the Constitution,
Civil Rights and Property Rights; Committee on the Judiciary; US Senate, February 2006.

Thursday, 3 July 2008

Tenn. inmate released after 22 years on death row



Paul Gregory House, 46, who was on death row for 22 years after being convicted in 1986 of murdering Carolyn Muncey in East Tennessee, as released from prison custody at the Lois Deberry Special Needs Facility, Wednesday, July 2, 2008, in Nashville, Tenn. House, who suffers from multiple sclerosis, was released to his mother Joyce House, after an anonymous donor send $10,000 to pay for her son's bail. House is set to be retried in October. (AP Photo/Bill Waugh)






By ROSE FRENCH – 21 hours ago

NASHVILLE, Tenn. (AP) — A former death row inmate was freed from a Nashville prison on Wednesday for the first time in nearly 23 years after an anonymous donor paid his bail.

Paul House, 46, is set to be retried in October in the 1985 slaying of Carolyn Muncey. Two years ago, the U.S. Supreme Court concluded he would not have been convicted based on DNA evidence that emerged years after his trial.

House, who has multiple sclerosis and must use a wheelchair, left the prison in the backseat of a white sport utility vehicle accompanied by his mother.

"I feel pretty good," said House, wearing a white shirt short-sleeve shirt and blue sweat pants his mother had brought him. "All I am looking forward to is going home and eating some chili verde and pizza."

Joyce House said she remained optimistic about her son's second trial, and hopes justice will be served the second time around.

"I never gave up hope this day would come," she said.

House's bond was initially set at $500,000 — a price House's mother said she could not afford — but was lowered to $100,000 by a Union County judge last week.

An anonymous donor stepped forward to pay it instead. House's mother said she doesn't know who the donor is but plans to send that person a thank-you note through the Tennessee Coalition to Abolish State Killing, which contacted her about the donor.

Stacy Rector, executive director of the advocacy group, said the anonymous donor provided the money on Tuesday and contacted the group, which helped with the process.

Under the conditions of his release, House can't leave his mother's home and must be monitored 24 hours a day.

He also must register as a sex offender for his previous aggravated sexual assault conviction in Utah. Department of Correction spokeswoman Dorinda Carter said prison officials have already completed paperwork to have House registered as a sex offender.

House has been incarcerated since July 17, 1985, but maintains he did not kill Muncey. Prosecutors are no longer seeking the death penalty.

House case shows more flaws in death penalty system


Posted: Thursday, July 3, 2008 1:56 am

Given his death sentence, the mound of evidence supporting his innocence and a U.S. Supreme Court formal recognition of those facts, it is a mystery how Paul House stayed in jail for the last two years.

House spent 23 years on Tennessee’s death row. New evidence in the murder case of Union County woman Carolyn Muncey appears to prove House’s innocence. Specifically, DNA evidence shows rape could not have been a motive for House to kill Muncey as prosecutors successfully argued in the mid-1980s. The DNA found on Muncey was that of her husband, according to advocates for House.

The highest court in the land over two years ago agreed no jury would have convicted House given the modern-day evidence. In June 2006, the U.S. Supreme Court concluded that, “this is the rare case where—had the jury heard all the conflicting testimony—it is more likely than not that no reasonable juror viewing the record as a whole would lack reasonable doubt.”

House’s case is another example of deep flaws in Tennessee’s death penalty system that forces for and against the death penalty should want to change.

Clearly, more uniform standards need to exist from jurisdiction to jurisdiction for prosecutors to follow given the state continues to pursue House despite the evidence to the contrary. Some measure of review for older cases should also automatically happen as those condemned to death may, like House, have a real case for innocence using modern-day DNA testing and forensics.

Some would call these kinds of safeguards coddling criminals. We argue that the death penalty is the ultimate use of the state’s power. After using it, there is nothing else the government can take away from a person. If we are going to grant the government this kind of power, the system itself should also be held more accountable.

Wednesday, 2 July 2008

Getting Smart About Dna


Dna's A Great Tool, But We Could Do A Lot More With It. Here's How.


By Barry Scheck NEWSWEEK

Thomas Jefferson Dr. Sam Sheppard


This potential is clear to me because I now wear two unusual, seemingly contradictory DNA hats. I'm codirector of the Innocence Project at the Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law in New York City, which uses DNA testing to exonerate inmates wrongfully convicted of crimes (35 since 1992, six off death row). And I'm also a commissioner on New York's Forensic Science Review Board, an agency charged with creating the state's DNA databank. Though one seems ""pro-defendant'' and the other ""pro-prosecution,'' these are actually synergistic roles. Consider this: in 11 of the cases where DNA testing has exonerated a wrongly convicted person, DNA has also led to finding the real perpetrator.

Given those results, it's clear that doing DNA testing--at more crime scenes, right after the crimes are committed--will help immeasurably. Most important, it would link apparently unrelated crimes to the same perpetrator and generate leads at the beginning of an investigation rather than merely include or exclude suspects at the end.

The problem is DNA laboratories in the United States are so woefully underfunded they can't type enough cases. The British have made this investment. U.K. labs do DNA typing on crime-scene samples from not only new, unsolved rapes and homicides, but also burglaries and other crimes. As a result, they are now getting between 300 and 500 ""hits'' per week from their databanks--either a crime-scene-to-crime-scene hit, or a convicted-offender-to-crime-scene match. Few U.S. labs can type all the rapes and homicides in their jurisdiction (they test only after police have found a suspect), and no U.S. lab routinely types new, unsolved burglaries or other crimes.

Indeed, in many states DNA labs are so backlogged that it often takes 10 months to get results in cases where a suspect has already been apprehended and awaits trial. This creates unnecessary expense for the judicial system (defendants are likely to plead guilty quickly after getting bad DNA results) and unnecessary injustices (indigent defendants, unable to make bail, spend time in jail for crimes they did not commit).

Using DNA databanks effectively does not require taking samples from all citizens, as some rightly fear, or even expanding the databank beyond felony offenders. We don't need to test more people; we need more labs testing more crime scenes. This will not be cheap, but it is surely cost-effective compared with the hundreds of millions needed to enforce a death penalty that doesn't deter, draconian mandatory minimum sentences for nonviolent drug offenders and the latest big-ticket proposal in Congress, building prisons to house juveniles as adults. For too long, criminal-justice priorities have been driven by punitive ""get tough'' rhetoric that wins elections but does little to help the cop on the street make cases. It's time to get tough by getting smart.

SCHECK is a professor at Cardozo law school in New York City.

DNA test clears Texas man after death



DNA evidence has cleared another Texan of a wrongful conviction, but this time justice will be given posthumously.

In 1985, Timothy Brian Cole was arrested and accused of being the infamous "Tech rapist," who terrorized the Texas Tech University campus in Lubbock in the mid 1980s.

A year later, the U.S. Army veteran was convicted and given a 25-year prison sentence.

In December 1999, after serving about 13 years, he died after his heart was weakened by an asthmatic condition. He was 39.

Now the Innocence Project of Texas has filed a request for a court of inquiry to officially clear Cole’s name, based on the DNA test results.

"This case shows how the system has broken down and how we need to fix it by creating a process that allows innocent people to get their cases into court," said Jeff Blackburn, of the Innocence Project of Texas. "Looking at paperwork is not enough."

Staff Writer Max Baker reports.

-- Bill Miller

Making Sure Death Is Fair


Growing concerns about making sure the innocent aren’t sentenced to death has caused more Americans to support a moratorium on the death penalty.

Even though most Americans support the death penalty, there’s rising concern about how the state’s ultimate punishment is levied. A new poll by the Death Penalty Information Center (DPIC), a Washington, D.C.-based nonprofit organization that provides analysis on capital punishment, found that 58 percent want a national moratorium on executions. In 2006, there were fewer executions than in any year since the death penalty was reinstated over 30 years ago. NEWSWEEK’s Kurt Soller spoke with the director of the center, Richard Dieter, about the current state of capital punishment in America.


Excerpts:


NEWSWEEK: Fifty-eight percent of those surveyed want a moratorium in place. How surprising is that?
Richard Dieter: It is counterintuitive, given that the majority of people support the death penalty nationally [65 percent according to a 2006 Gallup poll]. But even in the South, where most executions occur, there is a willingness to stop executions. If you’re concerned about killing innocent people, you want something done. [According to DPIC research], 62 percent support a death penalty [as long as it is administered fairly and the innocent are adequately protected]. But people have concerns: innocence. They don’t believe it’s a deterrent. Unfairness.

What kind of unfairness?
There’s common agreement about who’s on death row: people who can’t afford their own lawyers, and a high percentage of minorities. The end result is dissatisfaction. Over two thirds [of the sample] felt these problems are not going to be eliminated through slight improvements. There’s distancing and skepticism—not yet total opposition [to the death penalty], but certainly concerns.

Support is waning and death sentences are decreasing. Is this a chicken-or-egg issue?
It’s being used less because of [the public's] concerns. Executions were rising throughout the 1990s up until 1999. There was every reason to believe, with 300 death sentences a year, executions would increase. The number of states that use the death penalty expanded. The federal death penalty expanded. But something happened around the late ’90s that brought numbers down. It was repeated revelations about mistakes—DNA cases about people walking off death row and into the arms of their families and lawyers. From almost being executed to free on the street—that story fills the John Grisham books and the TV shows and the movies. It’s not just actual cases that permeated the public’s consciousness. The death penalty became a little risky.

Wasn’t execution always risky?
There used to be a chance of executing an innocent person. But it was theoretical. Appeals were a year long—if that—and you were executed quickly. There was little science to turn something around. We’re in a different era now. We know 124 cases where people have been freed from death row. That’s enough to cause skepticism, and from 1999 on, you have a decline [in executions].

Is life without parole replacing the death penalty as the go-to option for murderers?
All states that have the death penalty have life without parole, with the exception of New Mexico. Texas [the state with the highest number of executions] was the most recent to adopt that law. Juries now get “death or life without parole?” It used to be “life or death? And don’t ask us what life means.”

As time passes, what’s the generational element?
Students have debated and written about this issue. They know more about it. The newer generation is more skeptical about the necessity of the death penalty given its problems. It’s not that they’re more moral. It’s a factual problem.

But what if they end up on a jury? The study shows many people feel they’d be disqualified due to personal opposition.
They’re right. A recent Supreme Court decision [Uttecht v. Brown] broadened the chance to exclude people who have doubts about the death penalty. That’s a good ruling for the prosecution. But the more people excluded, the less democratic it is.

Is there a threat that the only people serving on juries are those who support the death penalty?
That’s where we are. Our poll indicates that it’s not just 1 or 2 percent who would refuse, but upward of 40 percent feel they would be excluded. It’s not a majority, but you’re supposed to be having a jury of your peers. It turns out that women, blacks and Catholics are more likely to be excluded from the jury. If the death penalty is not representative of minorities, then you have a democracy problem that makes it invalid. The more people that get excluded, the worse this problem gets. It’s a ticking time bomb.

The presidential candidates aren’t talking about it. What are the politics behind this?
Those who support the death penalty no longer can without being asked how many innocent people it would be acceptable to execute to uphold the penalty. Those kinds of questions don’t help a candidate. The anti-death-penalty candidate doesn’t want to bring it up. It’s not a winning issue. And the pro-death-penalty candidate now realizes it’s a multifaceted issue. It’s not a clear winner as it used to be when [Michael] Dukakis was faced with it.

Most of the candidates support the death penalty, at least in principal, on both sides. I don’t know that it is going to be an issue. It’s going to be a state change. You’re not going to see a Congress resolution or a Supreme Court decision or a president campaigning to get rid of it.

So how far are we from that national moratorium?
We’re still a ways away, even though the polls suggest it. It won’t happen nationally. Two thirds of this year’s executions have been in Texas [15 out of 22]. That’s not a national affirmation of the death penalty. Things are going to change on a state level. With juveniles, there were enough states that said, “We don’t want to be part of this anymore.” So the Supreme Court said, “It seems to be unusual that we would execute juveniles. There seems to be a consensus against it, so it’s banned. It has become cruel and unusual.” The public has to warm up to the idea [of banning the death penalty for adults, too]. And that’s what is starting to happen.

Alabama executions "highly problematic": U.N. envoy

Tommy Arthur (Alabama) will die by lethal injection July 31


By Louis Charbonneau

UNITED NATIONS (Reuters) - The criminal justice system in the U.S. state of Alabama needs to be improved to ensure that no innocent people are executed but officials there seem indifferent to the problem, a U.N. envoy said on Monday.

A U.S. official, however, rejected the envoy's views.

Alabama has the highest U.S. per-capita rate of executions, which was the reason Philip Alston, U.N. Human Rights Council special envoy on executions, went there during an official visit to the United States. He also went to Texas, which has the highest number of executions and prisoners on death row.

Speaking to reporters at U.N. headquarters in New York, Alston said a number of officials in Texas acknowledged that innocent people might have been executed and expressed a desire to improve their criminal justice system.

"In Alabama, the situation remains highly problematic," he said. "Government officials seem strikingly indifferent to the risk of executing innocent people and have a range of standard responses, most of which are characterized by a refusal to engage with the facts."

The reality, he said, is that the system is not designed to produce cases of innocence.

"It is entirely possible that Alabama has already executed innocent people, but officials rather deny than confront flaws in the criminal justice system," Alston said.

Richard Grenell, spokesman for the U.S. mission to the United Nations, rejected the conclusions of Alston, an Australian who teaches law at New York University.

"We know our system isn't perfect but we afford everyone the presumption of innocence and due process," he said. "Mr. Alston's sweeping judgments of our system after briefly visiting two out of 50 states show his personal dislike of the system we have, not fundamental problems with it."

POLITICAL PRESSURE

According to Alston, a major problem is that in Alabama, elected judges have the right to change jury decisions on sentencing. Most changes in sentences are from life sentences to the death penalty, he said.

He added that the judges there appeared to be under political pressure to execute criminals.

"Alabama should relieve judges of this invidious role by repealing the law permitting judicial override," Alston said. "Instead juries should be permitted to play their historical role of protecting individual rights."

People in and out of government in both Alabama and Texas acknowledged the need for improved programs to provide criminal defense lawyers for people who cannot afford them, but only half-measures in both states were being discussed, he said.

There were some positive moves in Texas, however, which he said were "a step in the right direction."

Studies across the United States suggest racial disparities in the use of the death penalty. Alston said he raised the issue of racism and executions with federal and state officials but "was met with indifference or flat denial."

On the subject of the U.S. military prison on Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, Alston said all proceedings against detainees there under the Military Commissions Act -- suspected terrorists labeled "alien unlawful enemy combatants" -- should be discontinued.

"All trials should respect due process standards under international human rights and humanitarian law," he said, adding that the United States has an obligation to provide fair trials with "all essential judicial guarantees."

He also spoke about Afghanistan. He praised the United States and other countries whose forces are active there, saying he found no evidence of "widespread intentional killings in violation of human rights or humanitarian law."

(Editing by Eric Walsh)

Monday, 30 June 2008

Innocence Behind Bars




By Richard Kamins on June 16, 2008 2:56 PM



Connecticut Heritage Productions, the Middletown-based theater troupe, has never shied away from timely topics and challenging material. The aim is not only to entertain but also to make audiences think.

Over the next 2 weekends (June 19 - 28), CHP presents "The Exonerated" , the 2002 play created by the team of Jessica Blank and Erik Jensen. Based on hundreds of hours of interviews with people who had been imprisoned on false charges and then "exonerated", the play looks at 6 individuals who spent time on Death Row (one person over 20 years.)

Saved either by a lawyer working pro bono or by idealistic law students, each person was poor, went through hellacious trials and all were convicted on faulty evidence.

Surprisingly considering the subject matter, there is much humor during the course of the play and one leaves the theater satisfied that justice has been done. But, the points that the play makes shows us that the Justice system can be flawed and, worse, skewed against poor people.

Performances are 8 p.m. Thursday through Saturday and 7 p.m. on Sundays June 22 and 29 and take place in the Green Street Arts Center in Middletown. The play, directed by Michael Eck, has a cast of 10. For ticket information, call 860-347-7771.

On Opening Night, James Tillman (pictured above), who served over 18 years on charges of sexual assault and freed on the discovery of DNA evidence, will speak after the show. Joining him will be his attorneys Gerard Smyth and Karen Goodrow, Director of the Connecticut Innocence Project. Michael Lefebvre, an attorney with the CIP, will also speak - as a police officer, Lefebvre was falsely accused of a crime and arrested but was acquitted in a jury trial.

Program note: Michael Eck will be my guest this Wednesday on "Best of the Valley-Shore", heard at 12:30 p.m. (and rebroadcast at 6:30 the same day) on WMRD-AM 1150 Middletown and WLIS-1420 AM Old Saybrook.

Wednesday, 25 June 2008

The death row resisters


The death penalty system is set up to hide the horrific conditions facing prisoners--conditions that function to dehumanize prisoners, forcing them to give in and accept the injustice being done to them.

Rob Will, an innocent man on Texas death row framed for the murder of a police officer, has inspired activists throughout the world for standing up to the system and fighting back. Along with Kenneth Foster Jr. and Gabriel Gonzalez, Rob co-founded the Death Row Inter-communalist Vanguard Engagement (DRIVE) Movement.

DRIVE members' nonviolent resistance within the heart of the death penalty beast, in collaboration with the anti-death penalty movement on the outside, won an amazing victory last August in stopping the execution of Kenneth Foster.

Here, Ragina Johnson from Rob Will's defense committee interviews Rob about his case and the founding of DRIVE.

WHAT ARE the details of your case? Do you feel they're unique?

BRIEFLY, ON December 4, 2000, in an area on the north side of Houston, Texas, several others and myself were in the vicinity of two stolen cars that were in the process of being stripped. Police came, and we all ran. A Harris County Deputy Sheriff was shot and killed by another person. I was the only one apprehended.

I was arrested later that day in a town outside of Houston. I refused to work with detectives, and despite extremely harsh interrogation techniques, I never gave a statement or "snitched" on the others who were with me.

After a terribly unfair trial, I was convicted and sentenced to death, despite evidence--which wasn't properly presented--proving my innocence, including:

-- The fact that officer call-log transcripts confirm that I was handcuffed when the shooting occurred.

-- The person who actually committed the murder--who happens to be the son of a well-known and well-connected police officer--confessed to at least five different people.

-- My gloves, hands and clothes tested negative for gunpowder residue.

In some ways, my case and trial are unique. For example, the head district attorney, Chuck Rosenthal, prosecuted me himself, and the courtroom was packed with police officers, creating such a mob atmosphere that the judge had to order the doors locked. I should mention that Rosenthal was recently forced to resign due to a scandal involving racist and sexist e-mails, pornography and evidence of illegal campaign finance activity found on his work computer.

However, my case and trial are symptomatic of larger problems with the criminal justice system, the prison industrial complex and society as a whole.

One only needs to look at prison, where one in nine young Black males reside, to see that racism is a reality. This system is inherently racist and does not take kindly to white folks who are not.

Plus, this system, of course, is classist--my case highlights this fact, but is by no means an exception to the way the criminal justice system functions on a daily basis. From the point of arrest, through trial and on into the appeals process, the cards are stacked against anyone who doesn't have hundreds of thousands of dollars to hire an experienced legal team or perhaps be lucky enough to get pro bono attorneys involved with their case.

I've essentially had no appeals process. My court-appointed appeal attorneys have filed nothing more than pitiful appeals. My state habeas attorney merely copied the appeal of Angel Maturino "The Railroad Killer" Resendez and turned it in as mine. It was, of course, quickly denied, and I haven't been able to find any good pro bono attorneys willing to help me.

WHY DID you co-found DRIVE?

MORE THAN anything, oppression and injustice founded DRIVE.

Kenneth Foster, Gabriel Gonzalez and myself were all moved to the same housing section around the same time. We were all involved in various forms of organizing and activism before, but when we got around each other, we started discussing our individual world views and found that we shared a deep burning desire to fight for a better world.

We quickly went from igniting a spark to creating a small and righteous subterranean fire of resistance here on Texas death row. We all had similar mindsets, we remained focused and came together to form DRIVE.

The direct material conditions of our environment also had a lot to do with the forming of the movement. Things were getting worse and oppression breeds resistance. Being locked in a small cage for 22 to 24 hours a day (and only let out to a larger cage for "recreation"), constantly deprived of sleep, unable to touch another human being, fed disgusting food, and having to face a host of other means designed to break the human mind and body is nothing less than torture, and we decided to take a dramatic stand against this oppression.

Also, several of our friends who we knew were innocent had received execution dates, harassment by individual officers was on the rise, and it seemed that the anti-death penalty movement was stagnating.

It's important to note that the formation of DRIVE didn't just suddenly happen; we put in a lot of work. Kenneth, Gabriel and myself were spending 10 to 12 hours some days coming up with a strategic plan, while keeping in contact with others like Reginald Blanton (who was on another pod) and getting their input.

It was like we were having a weeks-long "Resistance on Death Row Conference" or something. We were literally having days-long discussions and engaging in dialectics on how we could apply lessons learned from everything from the Foco theory that grew out of the Cuban Revolution to Gandhi's Satyagraha movement, to just about every other social justice movement or theory one can imagine.

We realized that we had to reach out to organizations fighting the death penalty on the outside as well as other political groups, and work in tandem with them. This system likes to operate in the dark so we went about creating the DRIVE Web site to shed light on the reality of the death penalty and the conditions on Texas death row.

It would be counterproductive for me to expose our tactics and strategies in an open forum that is subject to the prying eyes of prison officials, but we have been very effective in improving the conditions here and strengthening the abolition movement as a whole.

WHAT DID the victory for Kenneth Foster mean to you and your comrades on Texas death row?

I CAN remember shedding deep tears of happiness only twice in my life. Once was when my son was born, and I saw him breathe his first breath. Second was when I heard that Kenneth's sentence was commuted.

Not only was I overwhelmed with a deep sense of inspiration, relief and happiness because a personal friend and comrade of mine wasn't murdered by the state, but also because Kenneth's commutation proved that grassroots activism can and does work.

I was in consistent contact with main organizers of the Save Kenneth Foster Coalition, hearing from them and/or meeting with them on a weekly basis. I saw what they did. I witnessed firsthand how they built a solid grassroots campaign from the ground up and showed that community organizing works, even in the arch-conservative state of Texas.

The state is not omnipotent. We can be victorious. Kenneth's victory was not his alone, it belongs to all of us on death row and everyone involved in the abolitionist movement on the outside. Kenneth's commutation showed us all that if we struggle, we can win.

YOU OFTEN talk about how struggles are interconnected. Can you explain this more?

WE REALLY have to look at the intersections of oppression from not only a state or national, but an international perspective. The parallels are endless. The military, petrochemical and prison-industrial complex are intimately intertwined--they are the health of the state that, through foreign and domestic policy, is responsible for the social ills facing working-class people worldwide. War funding is draining the community of taxpayer money that could be used to build a strong and sustainable social network that prevents the causes of crime. Billions go to Israel every year to fund apartheid against the Palestinians. The poor in Iraq are suffering the most. The poor in the U.S. are the ones in the prisons and on death row. The death penalty and prison issues are working-class issues just like the war in Iraq and the struggle for Palestinian liberation, labor and immigrants' rights are. This is why Eugene Debs said that as long as there's a lower class, he'd be in it, as long as there's a criminal element he'd be of it, and while there is a soul in prison he'd never be free.

Also, those on the right like to spew their rhetoric about this supposed "culture war" we're in--and perhaps we are indeed in a culture war. But our enemies, the enemies of the working class aren't "Islamofascists," "those pushing the homosexual agenda," the "illegals," or other favorite fantastical enemies of the right. Our real enemies are those like the Bush regime and their neo-con supporters who seem hell bent on shredding the Constitution, fervently attacking civil liberties and human rights and destroying the livelihood of everyone who isn't in their ruling class worldwide.

We're also fighting against North America's thriving and ever-expanding love affair with violence. In order to advance the process of healing humanity, genocidal wars, and U.S. support of oppressive regimes, the death penalty and all other forms of state-sponsored violence must be seen as morally unacceptable by the masses, who do have the power to change foreign and domestic policy.

WHERE IS your case at now and what can people do to support your struggle?

I'M AT the last stage of the appeals process, the federal level. My federal habeas writ has already been filed.

For years I never really focused on my case. I always focused on anti-death penalty, prisoner rights, and other activism as a whole. At this point, I really need to publicize my case as well as the work we're doing here on death row. I need all the solidarity I can get. An easy way people can help out my campaign is to go to my Web site, www.freerobwill.org, and download my 'zine to get the word out about my case.

I need to live so I can continue to fight. My defense committee was only formed about a year ago and consists of only a few people. They're overwhelmed with work and could surely use help. They also run the DRIVE site by themselves and need help with that as well.

As we've seen, the state has wasted no time in fervently pursuing execution dates since the Supreme Court ruling on lethal injection. Now is the time for increased action. Anyone interested can drop me a letter or e-mail me and we can make change happen, not just for myself but for the overall struggle that we're all engaged in.

What you can do
For more information about Rob Will's case and how you can help with his defense campaign, go to the Free Rob Will Web site. You can watch a video of a direct action conducted by Rob in August 2006 and the vicious use of force by prison guards in response.


To write to Rob, send letters to Robert G. Will #999402, Polunsky Unit, 3872 FM 350, South Livingston, TX 77351, or e-mail freerobwill@gmail.com.


To learn more about the politics and actions of the DRIVE Movement on Texas' death row, visit the DRIVE Movement Web site.


For more information on the death penalty and the struggle to end it, see the Campaign to End the Death Penalty Web site. Articles from the Campaign's newsletter The New Abolitionist are available on the site.

Monday, 16 June 2008

The Innocence Project


Larry Fuller, center, is freed in October 2006, exonerated by DNA evidence after he served more than 25 years in prison for aggravated rape. He is flanked by Innocence Project lawyers Barry Scheck and Vanessa Potkin.



06/16/2008


The Innocence Project Staff Charleston


MetroNews Report: Innocence Project Part-1



The co-founder of The Innocence Project says seeing 218 people exonerated during the last several years has provided bittersweet moments.



Internationally known attorney Barry Scheck was in Charleston recently for a fundraiser. He sat down for a one-on-one interview with MetroNews about the project addressing its discoveries and accomplishments.



The Innocence Project uses DNA results to help free the wrongly convicted.
"Often I go to these exonerations and I see these people getting out of prison who have been in for 20, 26 years and I know how hard it's going to be for them to reenter society," Scheck said.
The average prison stay for those wrongly convicted and freed by The Innocence Project has been 12 years, but Scheck says amazingly none of them have expressed bitterness toward those responsible for putting them behind bars.



"They have a peculiar spiritual transcendence that somehow they were able to overcome and forgive many of the individuals involved in the unjust and wrongful prosecution," Scheck said.
But Scheck says the transition back into normal life has been difficult for many of those freed. He says they quickly find out their friends and families have moved on after 20 years and people are not the same. He says they often feel left behind and different. "Sometimes it's bittersweet when I see these exonerations, I worry about them," Scheck said.



There is less money and fewer programs available for those wrongly convicted and freed from prison than people that are guilty and released on parole according to Scheck. "There's no formal reentry program and there's nobody to offer them doctor's care, transportation or a way to get a job," Scheck said.



Sixteen of the 218 freed were on death row. Scheck says even with all of the difficulties, it's still satisfying to see the innocent released from prison. "It is an extraordinary experience," he said. "It's the best thing you can have as a lawyer."


Saturday, 14 June 2008

Questions persist as executions resume nationwide


Associated Press - May 26, 2008 3:45 PM ET

OKLAHOMA CITY (AP) - As Oklahoma prepares to resume lethal injections next month, some members of the defense bar are worried about flaws in the system that sends condemned men to their deaths.

They fear the ineffective lawyers, overzealous prosecutors and shoddy evidence that have already resulted in death row exonerations across the country could some day lead to the execution of an innocent man.

According to the Death Penalty Information Center, 129 people have walked off death rows since 1973 in 26 states after evidence of their wrongful convictions, according to the Death Penalty Information Center. A Supreme Court ruling in April in favor of the lethal injection process ended a 9-month hiatus on executions.

Florida leads all states with 22 exonerations, followed by 18 in Illinois. Oklahoma is 1 of 5 states in which eight inmates have been freed from death row.

Terry Lyn Short's June 17th execution is the next lethal injection planned in Oklahoma. He is set to die for a firebombing that killed a Japanese exchange student, Ken Yamamoto.

Copyright 2008 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

Thursday, 29 May 2008

Dean Cage exonerated in Chicago


After nearly 12 years in Illinois prison for a rape he didn’t commit, Innocence Project client Dean Cage is finally free today. His mother and other family members picked him up when he was released late last night from a prison three hours outside of Chicago. Back at his mother’s Chicago home early this morning, his family threw a party to welcome Cage home.

Cage said at a Chicago press conference this afternoon that he is overjoyed to be rejoining his family and that he is committed to working for fair justice in his home state and across the country. He is the 217th person exonerated by DNA testing in the United States, and the 29th in Illinois. Only Texas — with 31 — has more DNA exonerations than Illinois.

Read news coverage of Cage’s release — and learn more about his case and others across the country — on our website.

Cage was wrongfully convicted of raping a 15-year-old girl on her way to school during the winter of 1994. The victim’s identification of Cage as the attacker was the centerpiece of the state’s evidence against him at trial. After the assault, the victim helped police prepare a composite sketch of the perpetrator. A week later, police received a tip that a man matching the sketch worked at a local meat market. Police took the victim to the market, where she identified Cage. Later, at the police station, the victim identified Cage again, this time based on the sound of his voice.

At today’s press conference, Innocence Project Co-Director Peter Neufeld said Illinois has been a national leader for several years in reforming the criminal justice system for capital cases. But the state has fallen short in implementing reforms that can prevent wrongful convictions in non-capital cases, which are the vast majority of convictions — and wrongful convictions — in the state. Last summer, the Illinois Legislature created a commission to study non-capital wrongful convictions and develop reforms that can make the criminal justice system more fair and accurate. Nearly a year later, that commission has not been funded and no members have been appointed to it.

Neufeld and Cage today called on the Illinois Legislature to move quickly to get the commission started on its critical mission, noting that a similar commission in Illinois led to substantial reforms in capital cases. "If this commission were operating as it’s supposed to, it could help prevent a substantial number of wrongful convictions and restore confidence in the state’s criminal justice system," Neufeld said. "Perhaps most chilling is the reality that people across Illinois are still being wrongfully convicted based on eyewitness misidentification that could be prevented if the state enacted simple, straightforward reforms that are proven to work."

Wednesday, 28 May 2008

Exonerations Continue Across the Country -- But Are Innocent Prisoners Ever Truly Free?




What does it take to be freed from a wrongful conviction?


In the case of Walter Swift, who was found guilty in 1982 of a rape and burglary in Michigan, an air-tight alibi, exculpatory forensic evidence, and a clearly clueless defense attorney who would later lose his license weren't compelling enough reasons to spare him from conviction. And for years, they were not enough to get him cleared for a crime he did not commit.


Swift, who is African-American, was convicted based solely on an eyewitness identification by the victim, a pregnant white woman who described the man who attacked her as a black teenager, clean-shaven, with braids and "poofs of hair" on his head. Yet, when presented with a police line-up that included Swift -- well over 18 years old, with a mustache, long sideburns, and short, unbraided hair -- she chose him, telling the police she "believed" he was the man who had assaulted her. The police officer in charge expressed doubts, saying she seemed unsure of her selection, but Swift's fate was as good as sealed. The accuracy of her identification was never questioned in the courtroom.


False identification is one of the leading reasons innocent people are thrown in jail. When it comes to cross-racial identification, the problems are especially pronounced. Decades' worth of research has found evidence of bias when the accused is of one race and the accused is of another. Swift's case is a classic example.


In prison, Swift maintained his innocence for years. When he became eligible for parole in 2000, it was repeatedly denied, due to his refusal to admit to his guilt. After more than 15 years behind bars, Swift contacted the Innocence Project, who decided to take his case.


"Over the course of a decade, each layer we pulled back led to more evidence that Walter Swift is innocent," said Olga Akselrod, a staff attorney, in a news release. "We also began to work with people throughout the criminal justice system, some of whom were directly involved in convicting Mr. Swift, who were becoming increasingly convinced of his innocence. It's highly unusual to have the original prosecutor, the police officer who investigated the case and the lab analyst who handled the case all come forward to support an innocent prisoner -- but that's exactly what happened in this case."


With the team of people who first imprisoned him now behind him, Swift was exonerated and released from prison on Wednesday, May 21st. He spent almost 26 years behind bars.
Incredibly, the prosecutor's office will not go so far as to admit to his innocence. "Our position is not that Mr. Swift is innocent," prosecutor Kym Worthy told reporters yesterday. "Our position is that there were some irregularities and some things that should not have happened during this trial."


Still, leaving Detroit's Frank Murphy Hall of Justice, Swift told reporters he was not bitter. "I might just take a walk," he said. "I've been craving to take a walk."
His 27-year old daughter, Audrey Kelly Mills, however, who has not seen her father since she was a baby, expressed anger at the injustice of his incarceration for a quarter century. "I'm angry that this is supposed to be a justice system, and it's nothing even close to a justice system," she said.


As with so many stories of innocent prisoners who are exonerated after being locked up for years, news reports show images of a joyful Swift, eager to enjoy his second lease on life. But reality can often be cruel wake-up call.


Earlier this week, CNN did a two-part report on life after a wrongful conviction. Concentrating on Dallas County, Texas (the unofficial exoneration capital of the country) and with a focus on prisoners who were cleared thanks to DNA evidence (only a fraction of exonerations), it tells the story of Wiley Fountain, a 51-year old black man who, five years ago, was freed from prison after a decade and a half, only to find himself homeless.
"What happens to these men in the months and years after their release is an often overlooked story," writes CNN reporter Ed Lavandera. "These men find themselves starting life at middle age."


"Some men have married and had children … Others came out of prison so jaded and changed that it ruined marriages and relationships. A few have had repeated troubles with the law. And almost all of them talk about how the ghost of their past follows them wherever they go."
In Fountain's case, according to CNN, "Just as the headlines of his release vanished from the front pages of the newspaper, Fountain, 51, has disappeared."
"And so have his hopes for a fresh start after spending 15 years in prison for an aggravated sexual assault he did not commit."


Swift is 47 years old, just about the same age as Fountain was when he was released. "I know it's a beautiful time right now, but life will start to get back to reality," he told the Detroit Free-Press. "This is a million light-years from where I was … I can't describe the distance and time."


For CNN's two part series, "DNA cleared them, but they'll never feel free," go here.